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Periodontology is the field of dentistry that deals with offering the treatment and solution to the so-called periodontal diseases such as periodontitis and gingivitis. These diseases affect more than half of the population over the age of 35 and are the main cause of tooth loss in adults.
Careful home and periodically professional hygiene tends to keep these tissues healthy by preventing as much as possible the dreaded periodontal disease (called pyorrhea) which leads to the progressive loss of teeth.
The hygiene performed in the dental office represents a fundamental moment in the prevention of dental pathologies, in addition to removing bacterial plaque and tartar, intercepts any early caries or suspicious mobility of the teeth as well as gingival recessions that cause as well as increased sensitivity to temperature (hot and cold) even unsightly blemishes.
The loss of dental elements is faced with bridges (less and less frequent), implants or partial or total removable prostheses.

Sick gums require care that starts from deep hygiene (which includes the roots) to grafts of connective tissue epithelium of the same patient or synthetic.
When the loss also affects the bone, regenerative techniques must be provided that can restore the health of the compromised dental site.
When it is necessary to restore the bone wall that the bacteria have destroyed, or even parts of the ridge that have atrophy due to the loss of dental elements, reconstructive and regenerative bone surgery is used.
The intervention consists in carefully removing any granulation tissue that the infectious inflammatory process has created, then in reshaping the ridge and finally in housing synthetic or bank bone in situ with suitable membranes that guarantee bone regeneration.

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What are gingivitis and periodontitis?

Gingivitis and periodontitis are two periodontal diseases, mainly caused by bacteria, which affect the gum. It will be one or the other, depending on the stage of the disease.

• Gingivitis: in this phase, the infection affects only the gum which is inflamed, red and begins to bleed. If diagnosed early, this process is reversible

• Periodontitis: If gingivitis is not treated in time, the disease degenerates into periodontitis. In addition to the symptoms listed above present on the gums, the infection penetrates under the gum forming periodontal bags, attacking the root and the bone that holds the tooth until it also causes it to fall out. Periodontitis is irreversible and can also negatively affect certain aspects of general health.